UNIX/AFS User Commands. Information technology resources and support for LSA faculty, staff, and department system administrators.

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UNIX/AFS User Commands

Action to be Performed	UNIX/AFS Command	DOS/Netware Command
1: Windows only 2: XWindows only 3: AFS command 4: Netware command 5: System administrator 6: Only displays users on current machine
Abort	^c	^c
Backup files to tape or disk	tar -cvf /dev/rmt/0⁵	backup C:\ A: /S
Bring specific background job into foreground	fg %n or click on icon²	double-click on icon¹
Change file attributes (Read or Executable)	chmod <rights> <file> (e.g. chmod 777 data)	attrib or flag⁴
Change directory attributes	fs setacl <dir> <user> <rights>³	flagdir⁴
Change password	kpasswd³	setpass⁴
Change to parent directory	cd ..	cd..
Change to root directory	cd /	cd\
Change context to [Root]	n/a	cx /r⁴
Clear screen	clear	cls
Compare two files	cmp file1 file2	comp file1 file2
Concatenate files	cat file1 file2 file3 >bigfile	copy file1+file2+file3 bigfile
Copy a file	cp file1 file2	copy file1 file2
Copy files and subdirectories	cp -r * <new dir>	xcopy . P: /s/e
Copy files with permissions	cp -p * <new dir>	N/A
Create a short batch or script file	cat >file (use ^D to end)	copy con <file> (use ^Z to end)
Create symbolic links for long directory paths	ln -s /afs/lsa.umich.edu/group/admin/ffive ffive	subst e: c:\wp\soc325\students
Delete a file	rm file(s)	del file(s)
Delete all files in directory	rm *	del .
Delete files beginning with x	rm x*	del x.
Delete files with bak extension	rm *.bak	del *.bak
Delete subdirectory tree	rm -r <dir>	deltree <dir>
List current directory	pwd	cd
List current directory and subdirectories	ls -R	tree/f
Determine disk useage and capacity	fs lq <dir>³ or df	chkdsk
Determine status of a user	finger <user name>	N/A
Determine version of operating system	uname -sr	ver
Display all active network users	who or w or finger⁶	userlist⁴
Display date	date	date
Display file and pause screen	more file or pg file	more < file
Display file with line numbers	cat -n file	N/A
Display or change terminal settings	stty	mode
Display path segment used by command	which <command>	N/A
Display running processes by user	top -U<username>	N/A
Display search path	echo $path	path or map⁴
Display the environment setting	set (shell only), setenv (general settings)	set
Display time	date '+%H:%M:%S'	time
Display user name	whoami	whoami⁴
Display users logged into your workstation	users, w, who, finger	N/A
Edit a file	pico <file>	edit <file>
Enable the help system	man <command>	help <command>
Invoke the command processor or shell	sh(Bourne shell), csh(C shell), tcsh(t-c shell)	COMMAND
List background jobs	jobs	view minimized icons¹
Locate a file in the directory tree	find . -name <file> -print	N/A
Make a directory	mkdir <dir>	md <dir>
Move a group of files	foreach i ( * ) # Or any other list of files. mv $i /some/other/directory/$i end	move <file(s)> <destination>
Print a file	lpr -P<printer> <file>	print <file>
Print a file and get a mail receipt when done	lpr -m -P<printer> <file>	capture noti⁴
Print manual page for command	man command \| lpr -P<printer>	command/? >file print <file>
Remove an existing alias	unalias <name>	ALT-F10
Remove a directory	rmdir <dir>	rd <dir>
Rename a directory	mv <olddir> <newdir>	rendir <olddir> <newdir>
Rename a file	mv <oldfile> <newfile>	rename <oldfile> <newfile>
Rename multiple files	see "move a group of files".
Repeat last command	!! or up arrow in t-csh	F3 or up arrow
Restart a job in the background	jobs # to list jobs fg %n # bring 'n' job to foreground	n/a
Restore files from backup	tar -xvf /dev/rmt/0⁵	restore a: c:\ /s
Run a job in the background	<command> &	N/A
Run a job in the background and logout	nohup <command> &; logout	N/A
Search for text in a file	grep <pattern> <file(s)>	find "<text>" <file>
Search help system by keyword	man -k <keyword>	N/A
Suspend existing running background jobs	stop %n	N/A
Suspend job - place into background	^Z bg	N/A
Talk with an active user	talk <user>@<host>	send "<msg>" to <user>⁴
Terminate a process	kill <pid>	N/A
Terminate a process with malice	kill -9 <pid>	N/A
Updates file modification date to current date	touch <file>	N/A
View a calendar	cal <mm> <yyyy>	N/A
View a directory listing	ls	dir
View file contents	cat <file> or more <file>	type <file>
View tree below current context	N/A	cx /t⁴