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(Affective neuroscience & motivation articles are in blue)
(Action Syntax, neuroethology & executive control articles are in red)

Faure, A. Reynolds, S.M., Richard, J.M. & Berridge, K.C. Mesolimbic dopamine in desire and dread: Enabling motivation to be generated by localized glutamate disruptions in nucleus accumbens. Journal of Neuroscience, 28, 7184-7192, 2008.

Reynolds, S.M. & Berridge, K.C. Emotional environments retune the valence of appetitive versus fearful functions in nucleus accumbens. Nature Neuroscience, 11(4), 423-425, 2008. Online supplement:

Berridge, K.C. & Kringelbach, M.L. Affective neuroscience of pleasure: reward in humans and animals. Psychopharmacology,199, 457-480, 2008.

Robinson, T.E. & Berridge, K.C. The incentive sensitization theory of addiction: some current issues. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 363, 3137-3146, 2008.

Smith, K.S., Tindell, A.J, Aldridge, J.W., & Berridge, K.C. Ventral pallidum roles in reward and motivation. Behavioural Brain Research, doi:10.10.16/j.bbr.2008.09.038 , 2008.

Berridge, K.C. & Aldridge, J.W. Decision utility, the brain, and pursuit of hedonic goals. Social Cognition, 26, 621-646, 2008.

• Reprinted in: Morsella, E. Bargh, J.A. & Gollwitzer, P.M. (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Human Action. Oxford University Press, N.Y. pp 509-532 (2009).

Berridge, K.C, Zhang, J. & Aldridge, J.W. Computing motivation: incentive salience boosts of drug or appetite states [comment on Redish et al., A unified framework for addiction]. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 31, 440-441, 2008. (Link to target article:)

Smith, K.S., & Berridge, K.C. Opioid limbic circuit for reward: interaction between hedonic hotspots of nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum. Journal of Neuroscience, 27(7): 1594-605, 2007.

Mahler, S.V. Smith, K.S. & Berridge, K.C. Endocannabinoid hedonic hotspot for sensory pleasure: Anandamide in nucleus accumbens shell enhances 'liking' of a sweet reward. Neuropsychopharmacology, 32, 2267-2278, 2007.

Berridge, K.C. The debate over dopamine's role in reward: the case for incentive salience. Psychopharmacology, 191, 391-431, 2007.
(Link to commentary: )

Berridge, K.C.Brain reward systems for food incentives and hedonics in normal appetite and eating disorders. In Appetite and Body Weight. T.C. Kirkham & S.J. Cooper (Eds.), Academic Press, pp. 191-216, 2007.

Berridge, K.C. Just rewards. Path of discovery feature. In Bear, M.F., Connors, B.W., and Paradiso, M.A., Neuroscience: Expoloring the Brain, 3rd Edition, p. 525, 2007 (scanned pdf).

Peciña, S., Smith, K.S., & Berridge, K.C. Hedonic hotspots in the brain. The Neuroscientist, 12(6), 500-511, 2006.

Tindell, A.J., Smith, K.S., Peciña, S., Berridge, K.C., & Aldridge, J.W. Ventral pallidum firing codes hedonic reward: When a bad taste turns good. Journal of Neurophysiology, 96: 2399-2409, 2006.
(Link to commentary: )

Peciña, S. Schulkin , J., & Berridge, K.C. Nucleus accumbens corticotropin-releasing factor increases cue-triggered motivation for sucrose reward: paradoxical positive incentive effects in stress? BMC Biology 4:8 2006.

Britton JC, Phan KL, Taylor SF, Welsh RC, Berridge KC, and Liberzon I. Neural correlates of social and nonsocial emotions: An fMRI study. Neuroimage, 31(1) 397-409, 2006.

Britton JC, Taylor SF, Berridge KC, Mikels, J.A. and Liberzon I. Differential subjective and psychophysiological responses to socially and nonsocially generated emotonal stimuli. Emotion, 6(1): 150-155, 2006.

Berridge, K.C. & Robinson, T.E. Automatic processes in addiction: a commentary. In Handbook of Implicit Cognition and Addiction (R. W. Wiers & A. W. Stacy, Eds.). Sage Press, pp. 477-481 2006.

Matell, M.S., Berridge, K.C., Aldridge, J .W. Dopamine D1 activation shortens the duration of phases in stereotyped grooming sequences. Behavioural Processes, 71 241–249 2006.

Pecina, S., & Berridge, K.C. Hedonic hot spot in nucleus accumbens shell: where do mu opioids cause increased hedonic impact of sweetness? Journal of Neuroscience, 25(50): 11777-11786, 2005.

Tindel, A.J., Berridge, K.C., Zhang, J.,Pecina, S., & Aldridge, W. Ventral pallidal neurons code incentive motivation: amplification by mesolimbic sensitization and amphetamine. European Journal of Neuroscience, 22, 2617-2634, 2005.

Smith, K.S., & Berridge, K.C. The ventral pallidum and hedonic reward: neurochemical maps of sucrose "liking" and food intake. Journal of Neuroscience, 25(38), 8637-8649, 2005.

Berridge, K.C., Aldridge, J.W., Houchard, K.R., & Zhuang, X. Sequential super-stereotypy of an instinctive fixed action pattern in hyper-dopaminergic mutant mice: a model of obsessive compulsive disorder and Tourette's. BMC Biology, 2005, 3:2, 2005.

Richardson, D.K., Reynolds, S. M., Cooper, S.J. & Berridge, K.C. Endogenous opioids are necessary for benzodiazepine palatability enhancement: naltrexone blocks diazepam-induced increase of sucrose 'liking'. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 81 (3), 657-663, 2005.

Berridge, K.C. Espresso reward learning, hold the dopamine: Theoretical commentary on Robinson, Sandstrom, Denenberg, and Palmiter (invited commentary). Behavioral Neuroscience, 119(1) 336-341, 2005. (Link to target article: )

Winkielman, P., Berridge, K. C., & Wilbarger, J. L. Unconscious affective reactions to masked happy versus angry faces influence consumption behavior and judgments of value. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(1), 121-135, 2005.

Winkielman, P., Berridge, K. C., & Wilbarger, J. L. Emotion, behavior, and conscious experience: Once more without feeling. In Emotion and Consciousness. Barrett, L.F., Niedenthal, P.M., & Winkielman, P. (Eds). Guilford Press, N.Y., pp 335-362 (scanned pdf), 2005.

Berridge, K.C. Motivation concepts in behavioral neuroscience. Physiology & Behavior 81 (2), 179 - 209, 2004.

Tindell, A.J., Berridge, K.C., & Aldridge, J.W. Ventral pallidal representation of Pavlovian cues and reward: Population and rate codes. Journal of Neuroscience, 24 (5), 1058-1069, 2004.

Winkielman, P. & Berridge, K.C. Unconscious emotion. Current Directions in Psychological Sciences, 13(3), 120-123, 2004.

Berridge, K.C. Pleasure, unconscious affect and irrational desire. In Feelings and Emotions: The Amsterdam Symposium. A.S.R. Manstead, N.H. Frijda, & A.H. Fischer (Eds.). , pp 43-62 (PDF reprint posted by permission of Cambridge University Press) 2004.

Berridge, K. C. (2004). Simple pleasures. (invited column) Psychological Science Agenda, 18 (11). American Psychological Association. APA Online, 2004.

Aldridge, J.W., Berridge, K.C., & Rosen, A.R. Basal ganglia neural mechanisms of natural movement sequences. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 82(8-9) 732-739, 2004.

Robinson, T.E. & Berridge, K.C. Incentive-sensitization and drug 'wanting' (reply). Psychopharmacology 171, 352-353, 2004.

Peciña S., Cagniard, B., Berridge, K.C., Aldridge, J.W. & Zhuang, X. Hyperdopaminergic mutant mice have higher 'wanting' but not 'liking' for sweet rewards. Journal of Neuroscience 23 (28), 9395-9402, 2003.

Berridge, K.C. & Robinson, T.E. Parsing reward.  Trends in Neurosciences, 26(9), 507-513, 2003.

Berridge, K.C. Pleasures of the brain. Brain & Cognition, 52 (10), 106-128, 2003.

Berridge, K.C. & Winkielman, P. What is an unconscious emotion? Cognition & Emotion, 17, 181-211, 2003

Winkielman, P. & Berridge, K.C. Irrational Wanting and Subrational Liking: How Rudimentary Motivational and Affective Processes Shape Preferences and Choices. Political Psychology 24(4), 657-680, 2003.

Reynolds, S. M. &  Berridge,  Glutamate motivational ensembles in nucleus accumbens: Rostrocaudal shell gradients of fear and feeding. European Journal of Neuroscience, 17 (10), 2187-2200, 2003 .

Berridge, K.C. Irrational pursuits: Hyper-incentives from a visceral brain. In The Psychology of Economic Decisions (Vol. 1), I. Brocas & J. Carrillo (Eds.), Oxford University Press, pp. 17-40, 2003.

Robinson, T.E. & Berridge, K.C. Addiction. Annual Review of Psychology, v. 54, pp. 25-53, 2003.

Berridge, K.C. Comparing the emotional brain of humans and other animals. In Handbook of Affective Sciences, R.J. Davidson, H.H. Goldsmith, & K. Scherer (Eds.), Chapt. 3: pp. 25-51, Oxford University Press, 2003.

Aldridge, J.W. & Berridge,K.C. Basal ganglia neural coding of natural action sequences. In Graybiel, A.M., Kitai, S.T. & DeLong, M. (Eds.), The Basal Ganglia VI. Plenum, New York, pp. 279-287, 2003.

Aldridge, J.W. & Berridge, K.C. Coding of behavioral sequences in the basal ganglia. In Nicolson, L.F.B. & Faull, R.L. (Eds.), The Basal Ganglia VII. pp. 53-66, Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, 2002.

Meyer-Luehmann, M., Thompson, J.F., Berridge, K.C., and Aldridge, J.W. Substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons code initiation of a serial pattern: Implications for natural action sequences and sequential disorders. European Journal of Neuroscience, 16, 1599-1608, 2002.

Reynolds, S. M. &  Berridge,  K.C. Positive and negative motivation in nucleus accumbens shell: Bivalent rostrocaudal gradients for GABA-elictied eating, taset 'liking'/'disliking' reactions, place preference/avoidance, and fear. Journal of Neuroscience, 22 (16), 7308-7320, 2002.

Kelley A.E. & Berridge K.C. Neuroscience of natural rewards: relevance to addictive drugs (minireview) Journal of Neuroscience 22: 3306-11, 2002. 

Wyvell, C.L. & Berridge, K.C. Incentive-sensitization by previous amphetamine exposure:  Increased cue-triggered ‘wanting’ for sucrose reward. Journal of Neuroscience, 21 (19), 2001.

Reynolds, S. & Berridge, K.C. Fear and feeding in the nucleus accumbens shell: Rostrocaudal segregation of GABA elicitation of defensive behavior and eating behavior. Journal of Neuroscience, 21 (9), 3261-3270, 2001.

Berridge, K.C. Reward learning: Reinforcement, incentives and expectations. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation, D. L. Medin (Ed.), Academic Press, V. 40, 223-278, 2001.

Steiner, J., Glaser, D. Hawilo, M.H., & Berridge, K.C. Comparative expression of hedonic impact: Affective reactions to taste by human infants and other primates. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 25, 53-74, 2001.

Robinson, T.E. & Berridge, K.C. Incentive-sensitization and addiction. Addiction (Millenium issue on theories of addiction), 96 (1), 103-114, 2001.

Berridge, K.C. Taste reactivity: Measuring hedonic impact in infants and animals: microstructure of affective taste reactivity patterns. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 24, 173-198, 2000.

Wyvell, C.L. & Berridge, K.C Intra-accumbens amphetamine increases the conditioned incentive salience of sucrose reward: Enhancement of reward 'wanting' without enhanced 'liking' or response reinforcement. Journal of Neuroscience, 20, 8122-8130, 2000.

Robinson, T.E. & Berridge, K.C. The psychology and neurobiology of addiction: an incentive-sensitization view. Addiction, 95, Suppl. 2, S91-S117, 2000.

Berridge, K.C. & Aldridge, J.W. Super-stereotypy I: Enhancement of a complex movement sequence by systemic dopamine D1 agonists. Synapse, 37, 194-204, 2000.

Berridge, K.C. & Aldridge, J.W. Super-stereotypy II: Enhancement of a complex movement sequence by intraventricular dopamine D1 agonists. Synapse, 37, 205-215, 2000.

Bursten, S., Berridge, K.C. & Ownings, D.H. Do California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) use ritualized syntactic cephalocaudal grooming as an agonistic signal? Journal of Comparative Psychology, 114, 281-290, 2000.

Söderpalm, A. H. V., & K. C Berridge. The hedonic impact and intake of food are increased by midazolam microinjection in the parabrachial nucleus. Brain Research, 887, 288-297, 2000.

Söderpalm, A. H. V., & K. C Berridge. Food intake after diazepam, morphine, or muscimol: microinjections in the nucleus accumbens shell. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, & Behavior, 66, 429-434, 2000.

Peciña, S. & Berridge, K.C. Opioid Site in Nucleus Accumbens Shell Mediates Food Intake and Hedonic 'Liking': Map Based on Microinjection Fos Plumes. Brain Research, 863, 71-86, 2000.

Feurté, S., Nicolaidis, S., & Berridge, K.C. Conditioned taste aversion in rats for a threonine-deficient diet: demonstration by the taste reactivity test. Physiology & Behavior, 68, 423-429, 2000.

Berridge, K.C. Pleasure, pain, desire, and dread: hidden core processes of emotion. In Well-Being: Foundations of Hedonic Psychology. Kahneman, D., Diener, E., & Schwarz, N. (Eds.), New York: Russell Sage Foundation, pp 527-559 (1999).

Berridge, K.C. & Robinson, T.E. What is the role of dopamine in reward: Hedonics, learning, or incentive salience? Brain Research Reviews, 28 (3), 308-367, 1998.

Aldridge, J.W. & Berridge, K.C. Coding of serial order by neostriatal neurons: a 'natural action' approach to movement sequence. Journal of Neuroscience, 18, 2777-2787, 1998.

H.C. Cromwell, K.C. Berridge, J. Drago, and M.S. Levine. Action sequencing is impaired in D1A-deficient mutant mice. European Journal of Neuroscience, 10, 2426-2432, 1998.

Nesse, R. M. & Berridge, K.C. Psychoactive drug use in evolutionary perspective. Science, 278, 63-66, 1997.

• Reprinted 2004 in: Kenrick, D.T. & Luce, C.L. (Eds.), The Functional Mind: Readings in Evolutionary Psychology. (Reprinted from Science, 278, 63-66, 1997). Pearson: Allyn and Bacon, N.Y. pp 36-41 (2004).

Peciña, S., Berridge, K.C., Parker, L.A. Pimozide does not shift palatability: Separation of anhedonia from sensorimotor effects by the taste reactivity paradigm. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior, 58, 801-811, 1997.

Cromwell, H.C. & Berridge, K.C. Haloperidol decreases hyperkinetic paw treading induced by globus pallidus lesions in the rat. Experimental Neurology, 145, 288-294, 1997.

Berridge, K.C. Food reward: Brain substrates of wanting and liking. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 20, 1-25, 1996.

Berridge, K.C. & Robinson, T.E. Control versus causation of addiction (commentary) Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 19, 576, 1996.

Robinson, T.E. & Berridge, K.C. The pursuit of value: tolerance or sensitization (commentary) Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 19, 594, 1996.

Colonnese, M.T., Stallman, E.L. & Berridge, K.C. Ontogeny of Action Syntax in Altricial and Precocial Rodents: Grooming Sequences of Rat and Guinea Pig Pups. Behaviour, 113, 1165-1195, 1996.

Cromwell, H.C. & Berridge, K.C. Implementation of serial action sequences by a neostriatal site: A lesion mapping study of grooming syntax. Journal of Neuroscience, 16, 3444-3458, 1996.

Peciña, S. & Berridge, K.C. Brainstem mediates diazepam enhancement of palatability and feeding: microinjections into fourth ventricle versus lateral ventricle. Brain Research, 727, 22-30, 1996.

Peciña, S. & Berridge, K.C. Central enhancement of taste pleasure by intraventricular morphine. Neurobiology, 3, 269-280, 1995.

Berridge, K.C & Robinson, T.E. The mind of an addicted brain: Neural sensitization of "wanting" versus "liking". Current Directions in Psychological Science, 4, 71-76, 1995.

• Reprinted 2002 in: K.C & Robinson, T.E. The mind of an addicted brain: Neural sensitization of "wanting" versus "liking".In Cacioppo, John T. amd Berntson, Gary G. (Eds). Foundations in social neuroscience ; pp. 493-572. Cambridge, MA, US: MIT Press, 2002

Berridge, K.C. & Peciña, S. Benzodiazepine systems, appetite, and palatability. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 19, 121-131, 1995.

Berridge, K.C. The development of action patterns. In The Development of Behavioural Causation, J. Hogan & J. Bolhuis (Eds.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 147-180 (1994).

Cromwell, H.C. & Berridge, K.C. Mapping of globus pallidus and ventral pallidum lesions that produce hyperkinetic treading. Brain Research, 668, 16-29, 1994.

Cromwell, H.C. & Berridge, K.C. Where does damage lead to enhanced food aversion: Ventral pallidum/substantia innomominata or lateral hypothalamus? Brain Research, 624, 1-10, 1993. (scanned pdf)

Robinson, T.E. & Berridge, K.C. The neural basis of drug craving. An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. Brain Research Reviews, 18, 247-291, 1993. (scanned pdf)

Laeng, B., Berridge, K.C., Butter, C.M. Pleasantness of a sweet taste during hunger and satiety: Effects of human gender and "sweet tooth". Appetite, 21, 247-254, 1993.

Aldridge, J.W., Berridge, K.C., Herman, M. & Zimmer, L. Neuronal coding of behavioral sequence: syntax of grooming in the neostriatum. Psychological Science, 4, 391-395, 1993.

Doyle, T.G., Berridge, K.C., & Gosnell, B.A. Morphine enhances hedonic palatability in rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 46, 745-749, 1993.

Galaverna, O.G., Seeley, R.J., Berridge, K.C., Grill, H.J., Schulkin, J., & Epstein, A.N. Lesions of the central nucleus of the amygdala: Effects on taste reactivity, taste aversion learning, and sodium appetite. Behavioral Brain Research, 59, 11-18, 1993.

Berridge, K.C. & Whishaw, I.Q. Cortex, Striatum, and Cerebellum: Control of syntactic grooming sequences. Experimental Brain Research, 90, 275-290, 1992.

Berridge, K.C. & Zajonc, R.B. Hypothalamic cooling elicits eating: Differential effects on motivation and emotion. Psychological Science, 2, 184-189, 1991.

Berridge, K.C. Modulation of taste affect by hunger, caloric satiety, and sensory-specific satiety. Appetite, 16, 103-120, 1991. (scanned pdf).

Berridge, K.C. & Valenstein, E.S. What psychological processes mediate feeding evoked by electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus? Behavioral Neuroscience, 105, 3-14, 1991. (scanned pdf)

Treit, D. & Berridge, K.C. A comparison of benzodiazepine, dopamine, and serotonin agents in the Taste-Reactivity Paradigm. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, & Behavior, 37, 451-456, 1990.

Berridge, K.C. Comparative fine structure of action: rules of form and sequence in the grooming patterns of six rodent species. Behaviour, 113, 21-56, 1990. (scanned pdf)

Berridge, K.C. & Cromwell, H.C. Motivational-Sensorimotor Interaction controls aphagia and exaggerated treading after striatopallidal lesions. Behavioral Neuroscience, 104, 778-795, 1990. (scanned pdf)

Berridge, K.C. Substantia Nigra 6-OHDA lesions mimic striatopallidal disruption of syntactic grooming chains: A Neural systems analysis of sequence control. Psychobiology, 17, 377-385, 1989.

Berridge, K.C. Progressive degradation of serial grooming chains by descending decerebration. Behavioural Brain Research, 33, 241-253, 1989.

Berridge, K.C., Venier, I.L., & Robinson, T.E. Taste Reactivity Analysis of 6-OHDA aphagia without impairment of taste reactivity: Implications for theories of dopamine function. Behavioral Neuroscience, 103, 36-45, 1989. (scanned pdf)

Berridge, K.C. & Schulkin, J. Palatability shift of a salt-associated incentive during sodium depletion. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 41(B), 121-138, 1989. (scanned pdf)

Delamater, A.R., LoLordo, V.M., & Berridge, K.C. Control of fluid palatability by exteroceptive Pavlovian signals. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behvaior Processes, 12:143-152, 1986. (scanned pdf)

(other older publications are listed on Berridge CV, but pdf files not available)