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LS&A
degree requirements
OVERVIEW
Bachelor
of Arts (AB) and Bachelor of Science (BS)
The basic requirements for a Bachelor of Arts (AB)
or Bachelor of Science (BS) degree in LS&A are:
To earn the Bachelor of Science degree, at least 60 of the
120 credits you need to graduate must come from courses designated
BS in natural science, physical science, and/or mathematics.
Bachelor
in General Studies (BGS)
You may want to consider the Bachelor in General
Studies (BGS) degree as an alternative to the Bachelor of Arts
(AB) or the Bachelor of Science (BS) degrees, particularly if
you are not interested in concentrating your studies in a specific
area. The BGS degree program, seeking primarily to attract students
with interdisciplinary interests, is more flexible and potentially
less structured than either the AB or BS programs. It gives students
greater freedom and responsibility for their educational choice
and, if planned responsibly, can afford a liberal arts education
in the truest sense.
The basic requirements for a Bachelor in General
Studies (BGS) degree in LS&A are:
- Completion of 120 credits of course work, of which 100 must
be LS&A courses, with an average of at least "C"
(GPA>2.000).
- Completion of the Introductory Composition and Upper-Level
Writing Requirement.
- Completion of the Quantitative Reasoning (QR) Requirement.
- Completion of the Race & Ethnicity (R&E) Requirement.
- Completion of 60 credits of courses numbered 300 or higher
with an average of at least "C" (GPA>2.000).
No more than 20 of these credits may be elected from any one
division (e.g., French, Cultural Anthropology, or Classical
Archaeology).
One way to visualize your LS&A
degree is to think of four sections of roughly 30 credits each:
general requirements, area distribution, concentration, and electives.
While each student's program will vary (due to LS&A degree,
the number of credits in concentration, AP credit, etc.)
this chart gives a general perspective of an LS&A degree.

*
This chart does not accurately represent the BGS degree. BGS
students should consult the LS&A Bulletin for details.
Introductory
Composition
Learning how to be an effective writer is crucial
to your academic success at the University of Michigan. As a
result, all incoming students are required to take an Introductory
Composition course. Because most upper level courses at UM require
a considerable amount of writing, you are strongly encouraged
to complete the Introductory Composition requirement during your
first year. The content of Introductory Composition courses vary
significantly from section to section, but all emphasize learning
how to make convincing arguments, support those arguments with
evidence, synthesize course material, and critique arguments
made by others.
There are a variety of courses you can take to
meet the Introductory Composition requirement. These include
but are not limited to: English 124, English 125, Slavic Survey
151, Classic Civilization 121, Great Books 191 (for students
in Honors), Lloyd Hall Scholars 125 (for students in the Lloyd
Hall Scholars Program), RC Core 100 (for students in the Residential
College), Institute for the Humanities 104, Linguistics 104,
History 195, and University Courses 153.
Writing Practicum
(ECB 100-105)
Some students may want to consider an additional
Writing Practicum course before they take an Introductory Composition
course. Writing Practicum is a non-graded, two-credit course
designed to support students who have limited experience with
the type of writing often assigned at UM. Practicum is an opportunity
to improve how you organize, develop, and support ideas, analyze
complex materials, recognize evidence used to support an argument,
and begin to use evidence and reasoning to support your claims.
The course requires biweekly tutorial sessions with the instructor.
This concentrated individual attention has proven crucial to
the success of students with limited writing experience.
Upper-Level
Writing
Unlike Introductory Composition courses that help
students develop general academic writing skills, Upper Level
Writing courses help students understand and practice the specific
writing styles, conventions, and genres commonly used by writers
working within fields related to students' concentrations. Students
may take an Upper Level Writing course anytime after they complete
the Introductory Composition Requirement, but most wait until
they're juniors or seniors so they can take an Upper Level Writing
course that will be part of their concentration programs.
Each term, the Sweetland Writing Center approves
a wide array of courses from many LS&A departments and programs
to fulfill the Upper Level Writing Requirement, but a course
approved for one term may not meet the requirement in subsequent
terms. So make sure that when you're ready to take your Upper
Level Writing course that you look for the "Sweetland"
seal of approval in the LS&A Online Course Guide.
Also, when you register for the course, you will need to check
the Upper Level Writing box in Wolverine Access that indicates
you want to use the course to fulfill the requirement.
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FAQcomposition
Q: Do I have
to take an Introductory Composition course if I complete the
Writing Practicum?
A: Yes. The Writing
Practicum is NOT a substitute for Introductory Composition.
Q: Can my AP
Composition credits count as Introductory Composition?
A: No. AP Composition credits
count only as elective credits towards graduation.
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Quantitative
Reasoning (QR/1, QR/2)
Another skill students need to master is Quantitative
Reasoning. Quantitative Reasoning is not just the ability to
solve mathematical problems, but instead involves understanding
and interpreting quantitative material. The emphasis of the QR
requirement is on critical thinking and the ability to explain,
not only the correct answer, but how you arrived at that answer.
There are two ways students can meet the QR requirement:
· Successful
completion of one course designated for full QR credit (QR/1).
· Successful
completion of two courses (at least one of which must be of 3
credits or more) designated for half QR credit (QR/2).
QR courses come from a wide range of disciplines,
not just Mathematics.
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FAQQR
Q: Can my AP
Calculus or transfer credits be used to meet the QR requirement?
A: No. AP credits
cannot be used to meet the QR requirement, but you can use these
credits to meet course prerequisites (for example, AP Calculus
credits gives you UM credit for Introductory Calculus) and towards
the 120 credits you need to graduate. In addition, most transfer
credits do not meet the QR requirement. For example, even if
a math course you took at a community college transfers to UM
at Math 115, it will not meet the QR requirement. The only exceptions
are transfer credits for Physics 125, 126, 140, 240 or any 3-4
credit statistics course.
Q: If QR is
not just Calculus, what courses meet the requirement?
A: A wide variety
of courses meet the QR requirement, including: (QR/1)
Math 115, 116, and 215; Statistics 100, 170, and 350; Physics
125; (QR/2) Economics 101 and 102; Chemistry 130; Astronomy
101, 102, 111, and 112; Physics 126; and Geological Sciences
222. For a complete list of approved courses for Fall 2002, check
the LS&A Online Course Guide.
Q: Can a QR
course also count towards my concentration or distribution requirements?
A: Yes. For example,
Stats 350 meets the QR requirement and also counts as 4 credits
of NS for distribution (as long as you are not using the course
towards your concentration).
Q: Do I have
to take a Math or Statistics course?
A: No. However, many departments
require Math or Statistics courses for completion of a concentration.
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Race
& Ethnicity (R&E)
One of the benefits of attending the UM is that
you will encounter, in microcosm, the racial, ethnic, and cultural
diversity of the United States and the world. The course that
you take to meet LS&A's Race and Ethnicity requirement, however,
will ask you to go beyond merely the experience of diversity
and have you consider the role that racism and/or ethnocentrism
have played or continue to play at the UM, in American society,
and/or throughout the world. Each term, a variety of courses
are approved to meet the R&E requirement.
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FAQR&E
Q: Can my AP
credits be used to meet the R&E requirement?
A: No. AP credits
cannot be used to meet the R&E requirement.
Q: Can a transfer
course meet the R&E requirement.
A: Generally, no.
Transfer courses can only meet the R&E requirement if they
meet a strict set of criteria established by the LS&A R&E
Committee. The reason for this is that two courses with a similar
title could have dramatically different course content. For example,
even though Anthropology 101 at UM meets the R&E requirement,
most Anthropology transfer courses will not because they may
not focus on the impact of racial and ethnic intolerance.
Q: Can a R&E
course count towards my major or distribution requirements?
A: Yes. For example, Anthropology
101 meets the R&E requirement and also counts as 4 credits
of SS for distribution (as long as you are not an Anthropology
concentrator).
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Language
Requirement
Learning a new language provides access to the
cultural and intellectual heritage of another part of the world
and enables students the opportunity to study abroad and immerse
themselves in another culture. The study of language also helps
students gain a critical understanding of how language functions
as a communication system. In this age of growing global interdependency,
it is imperative that we be able to communicate across cultures.
Thus, students are required to complete the fourth
semester of a second language. This requirement can be met in
any language, even a language not offered in the LS&A curriculum.
In meeting this requirement, a student must earn a grade of "C-"
or better to proceed to the next course in the language sequence.
The language requirement usually is met in one
of three ways:
- Certified proficiency on a UM reading and/or listening test.
Tests are administered regularly during Orientation for proficiency/placement
in French, German, Hebrew, Russian, Spanish, and Latin. Tests
for languages other than those listed above must be arranged
through the appropriate department office.
On the basis of this test, you may be exempted from the Language
Requirement, or you may be placed into a first-, second-, third-,
or fourth-term course.
- Credit for a UM fourth-term language course with a grade
of at least "C-" (GPA>2.000).
- Credit for a UM language course which presumes fourth-term
proficiency in a language (except for 305 and/or 306 in French,
German, Italian, and Spanish, and Spanish 290/American Culture
224). Check with your academic advisor for specific course information.
If you take language courses at the UM in order to
meet the language requirement, please note: If you have previous
experience in a language you plan to continue, you must take
a language placement test. If a test in your choice of language
is not offered at Orientation, an advisor will help you choose
the most likely placement and course for registration. Course
adjustments can be made in the first two or three weeks of the
term.
You may place into a course for which you have
already earned AP credit. If you elect a course at the same or
a lower level than that for which you have earned credit, you
will lose that credit. If you decide to forfeit fourth-term transfer
credit for the election of a lower level course, you also forfeit
satisfaction of the language requirement by transfer credit.
You are encouraged to continue a language already
begun, but you may choose from 39 languages offered by LS&A
departments. Students wishing to begin a language sequence in
Winter Term should note that the first term course is offered
only in the following languages: Latin, German, French, Spanish,
Italian, Russian, and Ojibwa. All other language sequences offer
the first course in a sequence only beginning in the Fall Term.
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FAQlanguage
Q: Can my AP
credits be used to meet the Language Requirement?
A: Yes. If you
receive AP language credit you can use those credits to meet
your LS&A Language Requirement.
Q: Do all students
need to complete the Language Requirement?
A: The only LS&A
students exempt from the Language Requirement are BGS students.
Q: Can I take
any of my languages courses Pass/Fail?
A: Yes. Although
it is not encouraged, you can take any language course Pass/Fail
EXCEPT the fourth semester. The fourth semester course must be
taken for a grade.
Q: Can I earn
retroactive credits in a language?
A: Yes. Students
who have done very well on their language placement exam (in
Latin, German, Spanish, French, or Hebrew) may be eligible
to receive retroactive credit. Consult your Academic Advisor
or the LS&A Bulletin for details.
Q: Can I be
placed in a higher- or lower-level language course than the level
indicated by my placement score?
A: If the instructor of the
course in which you have been placed feels that a change of level
is advisable, this can be arranged during the first week or two
of classes. You CANNOT take a course lower than that indicated
from your placement test and still receive credit toward graduation
without the written approval of the coordinator of the language
course in which you are originally placed. Similarly, if you
feel confident that your language preparation warrants taking
a higher level course than your score suggests, talk it over
with your academic advisor. If he or she agrees, you may attempt
the higher level course.
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Distribution
The Distribution Requirement is the portion of
your LS&A degree which adds intellectual breadth to your
academic experience. Through the distribution requirement, the
College seeks to instill in each student an understanding and
appreciation of the major areas of learningNatural Science, Social
Science, Humanities, Mathematics & Symbolic Analysis, and
Creative Expression. Students are not expected to master all
aspects of each area but rather to develop a coherent view of
essential concepts, structures, and intellectual methods which
typify these disciplines.
Each of the courses in the LS&A Bulletin
carries a designationNatural Science (NS), Social Science (SS),
Humanities (HU), Mathematical & Symbolic Analysis (MSA),
Creative Expression (CE), Interdisciplinary (ID), or Excluded
(Excl). Only those courses listed in the LS&A Bulletin
can be used for distribution, and they can be used only according
to their listed designations. Experiential courses, Independent
Study courses, and courses designated excluded may not be used
in a distribution plan.
Transfer credits may be used in distribution with
advisor approval. Your orientation advisor will help you interpret
these credits. Advanced Placement
credits cannot be used in an area distribution plan. Distribution, which forms an essential
part of a liberal arts education, can be achieved in the following
way:
- Students must complete 7 credits in each of the following
three areas: Natural Science (NS), Social Science (SS), and Humanities(HU),
for a total of 21 credits.
- Students must also complete 3 additional credits in three
of the following five areas: Natural Science (NS), Social Science
(SS), Humanities (HU), Mathematical and Symbolic Analysis (MSA),
and Creative Expression (CE), for a total of 9 credits. Or, students
may fulfill up to 9 of these credits by taking courses designated
as Interdisciplinary (ID).
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FAQdistribution
Q: Can courses
from my concentration also be used to meet distribution requirements?
A: Courses from
your concentration cannot be used for distribution. For example,
if you are an English concentrator, no courses from the English
department can be used towards distribution. The only exception
to this policy is that courses that are prerequisites for a concentration
which are outside that department can be used for distribution.
For example, if you are concentrating in Biology, prerequisite
courses such as Chemistry 130, Math 115, Physics 125/127, etc.,
can be used for distribution.
Q: Can my cognates
count towards distribution?
A: Even though
cognate courses are outside of the department you are concentrating
in, they still count as part of your concentration and, therefore,
cannot be used towards distribution.
Q: If I'm planning
on a double concentration, can the courses from my second concentration
count towards distribution?
A: Yes. If you
complete a double concentration, you can use the courses from
one of the concentrations to meet distribution requirements.
Q: Can distribution
courses be taken Pass/Fail or Credit/No Credit?
A: Yes.
Q: Can distribution
courses overlap with the R&E, QR,
Introductory
Composition, and Upper Level Writing?
A: Yes.
Q: Can Non-LS&A
courses be used towards distribution?
A: There are a
limited number of Non-LS&A courses at UM that have been approved
to count as Creative Expression credit for distribution. For
a complete list, see the LS&A Bulletin or the
LS&A Online Course Guide.
Q: Can transfer
credits count towards distribution?
A: Typically,yes.
As long as the courses are not going to count
towards your concentration
and are LS&A courses (see your
advisor if you
are not sure whether or not your transfer credits
are LS&A credits),
they can be used towards distribution.
Q: Can AP credits count
towards distribution?
A: No.
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Additional
Information on LS&A Degrees:
Information
sheets: http://www.lsa.umich.edu/saa/information/degrees/
LS&A Bulletin:
http://www.lsa.umich.edu/saa/publications/bulletin/chapter3/
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