100(GNE 100)/ACABS 100/HJCS 100/Hist. 132. Peoples of the Middle East. (4). (HU).
An introductory course on the diversity of peoples, cultures, economies, and politics of the Middle East. Topics include religion (Judaism, Islam, Christianity), cities and nomads, women in the Middle East, economic change, social and political systems, and the world's first civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt.

101(Arabic 101). Elementary Modern Standard Arabic, I. (4). (LR). Laboratory fee ($12) required.
First course of a two-term sequence in elementary Arabic. It provides an introduction to the phonology and script of Modern Standard Arabic and its basic vocabulary and fundamental structures. It offers combined training in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

102(Arabic 102). Elementary Modern Standard Arabic, II. AAPTIS 101. (4). (LR). Laboratory fee ($10) required.
Basic vocabulary and fundamental structures of Arabic are continued through vocabulary lists, grammar presentations and oral and written practice based on short readings including simple news items, narration and description. There is increased emphasis on developing conversational, reading and writing skills. Communication drills and activities involving teacher-student, student-student, and group interactions. Daily writing assignments.

103(Arabic 221). Intensive Elementary Modern Standard Arabic, I. (6). (LR). Laboratory fee ($16) required.
Intensive introduction to the phonology and script of contemporary modern standard Arabic and its basic vocabulary and fundamental grammatical constructions. Offers combined training in listening, speaking, reading and writing, and the use of the Arabic dictionary.

104(Arabic 222). Intensive Intermediate Modern Standard Arabic, II. AAPTIS 103 or 102. (6). (LR). Laboratory fee ($9) required.
A continuation of 205. Focus is on teaching Arabic for Academic purposes with expansion of vocabulary and grammar through selected readings including situational dialogues, news items, short narratives, and descriptions. The development of listening and speaking practice using basic texts and comprehension packages is continued, with special emphasis given to the development of reading fluency, grammatical accuracy, and facility in writing.

141(Iranian 201). Elementary Persian, I. (4). (LR).
The standard colloquial of Tehran with an introduction to the modern written language of Iran.

142(Iranian 202). Elementary Persian, II. AAPTIS 141. (4). (LR).
The standard colloquial of Tehran with an introduction to the modern written language of Iran.

151(Turkish 201). Elementary Turkish, I. (4). (LR).
Part of the departmental sequence in modern Turkish language, this course aims at introducing and providing the opportunity to practice the basic structures of Turkish. Although it specifically focuses on enhancing spoken proficiency, reading and writing skills are emphasized through written assignments.

152(Turkish 202). Elementary Turkish, II. AAPTIS 151. (4). (LR).
This course is the sequel to Turkish 151 and is the second half of Elementary Turkish. We focus on speaking and writing the language of Modern Turkey. Course topics include the phonological structure of Turkish, basic sentence patterns, and basic vocabulary. The aural-oral approach is emphasized and serves as the basic course format. There are tapes which accompany the text.

153(Turkish 153). Elementary Uzbek, I. (4). (Excl).
Course teaches the principles of Uzbek grammar; phonological structure, sentence patterns and morphology of the language. The proficiency methodologies are used.

154(Turkish 154). Elementary Uzbek, II. AAPTIS 153. (4). (Excl).
Course teaches the principles of Uzbek grammar; phonological structure, sentence patterns and morphology of the language. The proficiency methodologies are used.

171(Slavic 171)/Armenian 171. First-Year Armenian. (4). (LR).
Introduction to the structure of contemporary standard Armenian, with exercises in reading, writing, listening, and speaking. A balanced approach giving equal emphasis to the development of language skills and the study of Armenian culture.

172(Slavic 172)/Armenian 172. Western Armenian, II. AAPTIS 171. (4). (LR).
Introduction to the structure of contemporary standard Armenian, with exercises in reading, writing, listening, and speaking. A balanced approach giving equal emphasis to the development of language skills and the study of Armenian culture.

173(Slavic 173)/Armenian 173. Intensive First-Year Western Armenian. (LR).
Combines 171/172 in an intensive half-term. Introduction to the structure of contemporary standard Western Armenian. Exercises in reading, writing, listening, and speaking. A balanced approach giving equal emphasis to the development of language skills and the study of Armenian Culture. Books, tapes.

181(Slavic 181)/Armenian 181. First-Year Eastern Armenian. (4). (Excl).
This course is designed for beginners with no previous knowledge of Eastern Armenian (the state language of Armenia). Reading, writing, listening, and speaking are equally emphasized.

182(Slavic 182)/Armenian 182. Eastern Armenian, II. AAPTIS 181. (4). (Excl).
This course is a continuation of Eastern Armenian (the state language of Armenia). Reading, writing, listening, and speaking are equally emphasized.

183(Slavic 183)/Armenian 183. Intensive First-Year Eastern Armenian. (8). (Excl).
Designed for beginners with no previous knowledge of Eastern Armenian. Combines 181/182 in an intensive half-term. Reading, writing, listening, and speaking are equally emphasized.

192. First Year Seminar in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Islamic Studies. Only first-year students, including those with sophomore standing, may pre-register for First-Year Seminars. All others need permission of instructor. (3). (HU).
First year seminar to be offered on special topics. Courses would not be part of the permanent curriculum, but offered by visiting faculty or permanent faculty for special purposes.

200(Arabic 200)/Rel. 201/ACABS 200/HJCS 200. Introduction to World Religions: Near Eastern. (4). (HU).
Religions of the Book: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. An introduction to those world religions with roots in the Near East. The traditions studied include Ancient Israel (including the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament) as well as its "offspring:" Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Special attention is paid the origins and development of these traditions, what they share, and how they differ.

201(Arabic 201). Intermediate Modern Standard Arabic, I. AAPTIS 102. (4). (LR). Laboratory fee ($16) required.
The sequence of Arabic 201/202 presents the essential elements of Arabic sounds, letters, vocabulary and grammar using a programmed introduction to sounds and letters and short simple texts and dialogues, utilizing mechanical and meaningful patter practice drills and limited communication activities.

202(Arabic 202). Intermediate Modern Standard Arabic, II. AAPTIS 201 or 104. (4). (LR). Laboratory fee ($9) required.
The sequence of Arabic 201/202 presents the essential elements of Arabic sounds, letters, vocabulary and grammar using a programmed introduction to sounds and letters and short simple texts and dialogues, utilizing mechanical and meaningful patter practice drills and limited communication activities.

241(Iranian 401). Intermediate Persian, I. AAPTIS 142. (4). (LR).
Reading of modern Persian texts, with conversation drill.

242(Iranian 402). Intermediate Persian, II. AAPTIS 241. (4). (LR).
Reading of modern Persian texts, with conversation drill.

251(Turkish 401). Intermediate Turkish, I. AAPTIS 152. (4). (LR).
The course emphasizes further study of Turkish grammar and stresses development of comprehension, and oral and written expression through the use of selected materials relating to Turkish culture. Reading and translation from modern texts and translation into Turkish.

252(Turkish 402). Intermediate Turkish, II. AAPTIS 251. (4). (LR).
The course provides further study of Turkish grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation. Comprehension and oral and written expression are developed through translations and compositions. Readings are emphasized. Reading and translation from modern texts and translation into Turkish.

253(Turkish 253). Intermediate Uzbek, I. AAPTIS 154. (4). (Excl).
Course teaches the principles of Uzbek grammar; phonological structure, sentence patterns and morphology of the language. The proficiency methodologies are used.

254(Turkish 254). Intermediate Uzbek, II. AAPTIS 253. (4). (Excl).
Course teaches the principles of Uzbek grammar; phonological structure, sentence patterns and morphology of the language. The proficiency methodologies are used.

261(GNE 261). The Civilization of Medieval Islam. (4). (HU).
Introduction to a great world civilization, the Islamic Near East ca. 600-1600. Includes political history, religious and secular thought, literature and the arts. Some main themes: what was specifically "Islamic"; continuity and change; the notion of the individual; views of other religions and peoples, inside and outside the Islamic world.

262(GNE 204)/Rel. 204. Introduction to Islam. (4). (HU).
This course provides a comprehensive introduction to Islam as a religious tradition. After examining the fundamental sources of Islam, particularly the Qur'an and the Reports about the activities and sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, we discuss how these foundations gave rise to the beliefs and practices of Muslims and to an Islamic civilization with spectacular achievements in such areas.

271(Slavic 271)/Armenian 271. Intermediate Western Armenian, I. AAPTIS 172 or 173. (4). (LR).
The course is a continuation of Armenian 171/172. Reading, conversation, and composition. A balanced approach giving equal emphasis to the development of language skills and the study of Armenian culture is employed.

272(Slavic 272)/Armenian 272. Intermediate Western Armenian, II. AAPTIS 271. (4). (LR).
The course is a continuation of Armenian 171/172. Reading, conversation, and composition. A balanced approach giving equal emphasis to the development of language skills and the study of Armenian culture is employed.

274(Slavic 221)/Armenian 274. Armenia: Culture and Ethnicity. (3). (HU).
This course explores various aspects of the Christian Armenian identity, from the earliest times to the 1990s, against a historical and political background, with a greater emphasis on the more modern times. It highlights the formation of the Armenian self-image; its principal features (political, religious, cultural); and its historical evolution in a multi-religious and multinational region that has undergone territorial and cultural transformation.

291. Topics in Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Islamic Studies. (3). (Excl).
Undergraduate topics course in the field of Arabic, Persian, Turkish, or Islamic Studies.

292. Seminar in Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Islamic Studies. (3). (Excl).
Seminar offered on special topics for undergraduates.

296(GNE 246)/Great Books 246. Great Books of the Middle East. (4). (HU).
Introduction to the literary traditions of the classical (or medieval) and modern Middle East. Students explore the cultural traditions of the peoples who have expressed themselves in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and other Islamic languages since the time of the Prophet Muhammed. Reading are taken from the religious texts (including the Qur'an), from historical writings, and from poetry and artistic prose (such as the Thousand and one Nights). Other topics include the achievements of Islamic science and relations between the Middle East and the European West.

331(GNE 330/140). Introduction to Arab Culture and Language. (4). (HU).
Offers a general survey of the social, cultural, and linguistic aspects of the Modern Arab World with special emphasis on problems and answers. Includes an Arabic language component focusing on basic communication needs and social demands that casual travelers and career professionals to Arab countries need.

332. Introduction to Persian Culture and Language. (3). (HU).
A general survey of the social, cultural, and linguistic aspects of the Modern Iranian world, including Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan. Surveys era the three countries, including their multi-ethnicity, their shared ancient history, their self-image, and their image in the West. Includes a special section on the crucial impact of Iranian thought and religion on the Persianate culture.

364/MENAS 334/Hist. 334. Selected Topics in Near and Middle Eastern Studies. (3). (Excl).
This course consists of a series of lectures creating themes in some crucial aspect of Near and Middle East from the third millennium to the present. It consists of a weekly lecture and a discussion section.

381(Arabic 440). Introduction to Arab Literature in Translation. Taught in English. (3). (HU).
A survey of the major genres of Arabic literature from pre-Islamic times to the present. Introductory lectures lead to examination and discussion of selected works through the medium of English translations.

383. The Arab-Israeli Conflict in Middle Eastern Literature. (3). (HU).
Examines how authors from various parts of the Middle East (primarily but not exclusively Israelis and Palestinians) portray the Arab-Israeli conflict in their writings, from within different cultural contexts and literary traditions, and from differing ideological and political viewpoints.

393/ACABS 393/Rel. 393. The Religion of Zoroaster. (3). (HU).
A comprehensive introduction to the dualistic religion of Zoroaster, his view of creation and salvation, and ethics.

395(GNE 397/398). Directed Undergraduate Readings. Permission of instructor. (1-3). (Excl). (INDEPENDENT). May be repeated for a total of six credits.
Designed for individual students who have an interest in a specific topic (usually that has stemmed from a previous course). An individual instructor must agree to direct such a reading and the requirements are specified when approval is granted.

403(Arabic 421). Advanced Intensive Modern Standard Arabic, I. AAPTIS 104 or 202. (6). (LR). Laboratory fee ($7) required.
This course emphasizes the use of Arabic language. Students develop the ability: (1) communicate/speak in Arabic with native speakers of Arabic, (2) understand spoken Arabic, (3) read and understand selected readings taken from various genres of modern prose fiction and non-fiction as well as Arabic newspapers and magazines, and (4) enhance writing skills.

404(Arabic 422). Advanced Modern Standard Arabic, II. AAPTIS 403. (6). (Excl).
This course helps students enhance and develop their ability to: (1) understand authentic spoken MSA on various topics, comprehend and take notes on familiar topics, (2) converse, discuss, narrate and give information with ease and relative fluency with native speakers of Arabic, (3) Read authentic materials - educational, cultural, factual and scientific - of varying length, (4) write paragraphs with reasonable coherence and accuracy, and (5) expand cultural awareness.

409(Arabic 409). Business Arabic, I. AAPTIS 102 or 104. (4). (LR).
Designed for students and members of the business community who wish to learn Arabic for career and practical purposes. The course focuses on Arabic language functions pertinent to travel and business through a set of situational dialogues supported by audiovisual materials and intensive oral and writing practice.

410(Arabic 509). Business Arabic, II. AAPTIS 409. (4). (LR).
Intended as an intermediate high/advanced course. Offers intensive oral and writing practice through communicative drills, activities and projects based on authentic textual and audiovisual business-oriented materials including commercial announcements, economic reports, business correspondence, circulars, contracts and important cultural information which helps the learners to communicate accurately, diplomatically and effectively.

415(Arabic 413). Colloquial Egyptian Arabic, I. AAPTIS 202 or 403. (3). (LR).
Extensive oral drill with a native speaker emphasizing phonological, morphological, and basic syntactic structures of Egyptian Arabic. Aims at helping the student achieve fluency in this dialect of Arabic.

416(Arabic 414). Colloquial Egyptian Arabic, II. AAPTIS 415. (3). (LR).
Extensive oral drill with a native speaker emphasizing phonological, morphological, and basic syntactic structures of Egyptian Arabic. Aims at helping the student achieve fluency in this dialect of Arabic.

417(Arabic 415). Colloquial Levantine Arabic, I. AAPTIS 202 or 403. (3). (LR).
Extensive oral drill with a native speaker emphasizing phonological, morphological, and basic syntactic structures of the colloquial Arabic as spoken primarily by educated Arabs from Jerusalem, Beirut, or Damascus.

418(Arabic 416). Colloquial Levantine Arabic, II. AAPTIS 417. (3). (LR).
Extensive oral drill with a native speaker emphasizing phonological, morphological, and basic syntactic structures of the colloquial Arabic as spoken primarily by educated Arabs from Jerusalem, Beirut, or Damascus.

431(Arabic 430). Introduction to Arabic Linguistics. AAPTIS 202 or 403. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
General principles of phonology, morphology, and syntax as applied to literary and dialectical Arabic.

433(Arabic 432)/Ling. 433. Arabic Syntax and Semantics. AAPTIS 431, and AAPTIS 102 or 103. (3). (Excl).
Study of theories of generative syntax especially the principles and parameters approach and situation semantics and their relevance to the analysis of Modern Standard Arabic and at least on Arabic dialect using as a reference point medieval Arabic grammar. There is focus on some relevant theoretical constructs as they apply to the syntactic and semantic analysis of Arabic.

434(Arabic 434). Arabic Historical Linguistics and Dialectology. Permission of instructor. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
Development of Arabic from proto-Semitic and proto-Arabic origins to interrelationships of contemporary literary and colloquial varieties of Arabic, including attention to such problems as diglossia, "Middle Arabic," etc.

440(Turkish 440). The Literature of the Turks. (3). (Excl).
An examination of the literature of the Western Turks in its pre-Islamic, Islamic, and modern setting through lectures and English translations.

451(Turkish 411). Introductory Ottoman Turkish, I. AAPTIS 152. (3). (Excl).
Intended for those studying Turkish for the purpose of reading Ottoman texts and archives. Course is designed to gain the expertise necessary to read the printed work in Ottoman Turkish in the Arabic script. The method of instruction is through the study of texts while reviewing the Arabic and Persian elements in the language.

452(Turkish 412). Introductory Ottoman Turkish, II. AAPTIS 451. (3). (Excl).
Second half of first year Ottoman intended to sharpen skills in the handling of a variety of styles, topics and scripts through the reading and analysis of specially selected texts.

461(GNE 442)/Hist. 442. The First Millennium of the Islamic Near East. Junior standing. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
A survey of the history and culture of the Islamic Near East from the era of Muhammad through establishment of the Ottoman and Safavid empires in the 16th century. This course is the first half of a two-course sequence surveying the history of the Islamic Near East.

463(GNE 571)/Hist. 537. The Near East in the Period of the Crusades, 945-1258. Junior standing. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
Fatimids, Seljuks, Crusaders, and Mongols. Internal and external forces causing dramatic changes in the religious, economic, and political patterns of the medieval Near Eastern society.

465(GNE 483). Islamic Mysticism. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
The course covers: background of Sufism, historical outline, the tripartite way to God, forms of worship, mystical states and stations, Idea of Perfect Man, letter symbolism, major Sufis, Sufi orders, terminology, Qur'anic interpretation, popular mysticism, Orthodoxy's attitudes toward Sufism, Sufism and Muslim philosophy, Sufism and political activism, influence on literature, and mysticism in the Islamic and other religious traditions.

466(GNE 485/Rel. 485). Issues in Islamic Studies. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
This course covers the major aspects of Islam as a religious tradition with particular reference to the Qur'an and Qur'anic studies, reports about the words and deeds of the Prophet Muhammad, theology, law, mysticism, and philosophy. Upon studying traditional views of Islam and its disciplines the students are introduced to some revisionist approaches to Islamic legacy cultivated by Western scholars.

467/Hist. 541/Religion 467. Shi'ism: The History of Messianism and the Pursuit of Justice in Islamdom. Junior standing. (3). (HU).
The course surveys the history of diverse Alid movements from the assassination of Ali (d.661) to the crystallization of Shi'ism into distinct political, legal and theological schools (Twelver, Isma'ili, Zaydi), and ends with the establishment of Twelver Shi'ism as an imperial religion in Safavi Iran (1501-1722). Emphasis on the debate over authority in Islam.

469(GNE 489). Islamic Intellectual History. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
A comparative study of Islamic Sufism, theosophy, philosophy, and dialectical theology, focusing on how these diverse fields - varying in methodology and purpose - have conceived of God and the relationship between Him and the created world, especially the world of human beings.

470/Hist. 441. The Islamic West: al-Andalus and the Magrib, 600-1500. AAPTIS 461. (3). (Excl).
Introduction to the history of Muslim Spain and North Africa, also including Muslim Sicily, from the Islamic conquests until the end of the Muslim political presence in Spain. Emphasis is on political, economic and cultural history, as we view the region's ties with the rest of the Islamic world as well as with other regions.

471(Slavic 415)/Armenian 415. The Roots of Christian Armenian Tradition: An Introduction to Old Armenian Literature. (3). (Excl).
This course attempts to bring to light and define the vital tenets that formed the foundations of the Christian Armenian Tradition, as formulated by the historians and intellectuals Koriun, Agathangelos, Yeznik, Pavstos Buzand, Yeghishe and Movses Khorenatsi.

472(Slavic 416)/Armenian 416. Continuity and Change: Armenian Literature of the 10th-18th Centuries. (3). (Excl).
This course outlines a history of Armenian literature from about the 10th to about the 18th century, concentrating on the works of such authors as: Grigor Narekatsi, Nerses Shnorhali, Hovhannes and Kostandin Erznkatsi, Frik, Nahapet Kuchak, Sayat-Nova and others, who flourished within and without Armenia.

473(Slavic 417)/Armenian 417. Struggle for Nationalism: An Introduction to Modern Armenian Literature. (3). (Excl).
Focuses on some major trends in the Armenian literary tradition of the 19th and the early 20th centuries, and on the ways in which it helped redefine the Armenian self-image in political, social, and cultural terms.

474(Slavic 418)/Armenian 418. The Post-Genocide Literature of the Armenian Dispersion. Permission of instructor. No knowledge of Armenian is required. (3). (Excl).
Following the Armenian genocide the Armenian communities of France, the United States and the Middle East (mainly Lebanon, Syria and Egypt) emerged as the major centers of Armenian literary activities, where the few authors who had survived and a younger generation of writers fashioned a new literary tradition under the pervasive influence of the genocide. This course highlights some of the ways in which these authors tried to understand the genocide and to deal with its devastating consequences which at once inspired and limited their literary imagination.

475(Slavic 419)/Armenian 419. The Old Soul of a New Nation: An Introduction to Soviet Armenian Literature. (3). (Excl).
The establishment in 1920 of the Soviet regime in Eastern Armenia wrought profound changes in an essentially traditional society. The impact of external and internal Soviet policy on Soviet Armenia on the latter's relations with the Armenian dispersion, forms the historical background for the course. Focus is on the response of earlier and contemporary generations of Soviet Armenian writers to the new system, its ideology and its social-cultural tenets, and, on the consequences of recent political and social changes in the Soviet Union in general and Soviet Armenia in particular.

478/Armenian Studies 478. Classical Armenian I. (3). (Excl).
Designed for students with no previous knowledge of Classical Armenian. Emphasis is on grammar and reading of classical and medieval Armenian texts.

479/Armenian Studies 479. Classical Armenian II. AAPTIS 478. (3). (Excl).
Designed for students with no previous knowledge of Classical Armenian. Emphasis is on grammar and reading of classical and medieval Armenian texts.

485(GNE 445). Classical Near Eastern Literature. Taught in English. (3). (HU).
A general introduction, using materials in English translation, of the classics both secular and religious works in the ancient languages as well as of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish.

486(GNE 446). Modern Middle Eastern Literature. Taught in English. (3). (HU).
An introduction to the modern literature of the Arab lands, Iran, Israel, and Turkey. Lectures introduce major literary figures and their works within the framework of the historical and social circumstances of their lives. Materials are in English translation.

487(GNE 474)/Hist. 443. Modern Middle East History. (3). (Excl).
Impact of the West on the Islamic Near East in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Emphasis is on the modernization of the Ottoman Empire and Republican Turkey and Egypt, the rise of Arab and Zionist nationalisms and the subsequent Arab-Israeli dispute, and inter-Arab and international rivalries to the present.

491. Topics in AAPTIS. (3). (Excl). May be repeated for a total of six credits.
A course for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students taught by temporary faculty or as a testing course for permanent faculty.

494(GNE 435). Literary Analysis and Theory. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
Introduction to the theory of classical Islamic poetics and modern literary theory accompanied by practical analysis.

495(GNE 495)/WS 471/Hist. 546/Religion 496. Gender and Politics in Early Modern Islamdom. Students should preferably have had one course in Islamic Studies. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
An introduction to Muslim understandings of gender and gender relations, first, through a study of those sacred texts (Qur'an & Hadith) that came to define the ideal woman and man, as well as their roles and relationships. Then, gender participation in the political and cultural life of the Safavi, Ottoman and Mughal Courts shall be explored to view the interplay between theory and practice.

496/WS 496. Gender and Representation in the Modern Middle East. (3). (Excl).
An examination of the construction of gender as pertains to the contemporary Middle East (predominantly but not exclusively the Arab Middle East) as found in a wide array of literary and cultural representations (fiction, travel accounts, photographs, painting, film) produced both in the Middle East and outside of it.

498(GNE 497). Senior Honors Thesis. Permission of instructor. (1-6). (Excl). (INDEPENDENT).
The Senior Honors thesis is for students who have been approved by the Near Eastern Studies concentration advisor, Honors advisor, and the LSA Honors Council. The length of the thesis may vary, but 50-60 pages is common. Two advisors should be chosen. The principal advisor is a member of the faculty in whose field of expertise the thesis topic lies, and he or she oversees the student's research and the direction taken by the thesis.

501(Arabic 501). Advanced Arabic Conversation and Composition. AAPTIS 404. (3). (Excl).
Objectives is to develop fluency and accuracy in understanding, speaking, and writing modern standard Arabic, and to expand students' awareness of Arab-Islamic culture, and civilization.

502(Arabic 502). Advanced Arabic Readings in Special Subjects. AAPTIS 501. (3). (Excl).
Provides training in developing and using learning strategies independently as they red authentic materials. Students select the topics in which they are interested and prepare written summary reports to be presented in class. After each presentation, the whole class engages in discussions and conversations that promote analysis, reflection, and critical thinking.

531. Reading Modern Arab Authors in Arabic. AAPTIS 501. (3). (Excl). May be repeated for a total of six credits.
Selected texts (novels, short stories, poetry, and personal interviews), written by modern Arab authors in the last two decades, are read and discussed in Arabic, with a special emphasis on the language and strategies of narration, cultural contextualizations, and the sheer pleasure of reading an original text.

540(Iranian 530)/Ling. 540. Structure of Persian and Iranian Linguistics. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
For students interested in Iranian, Near Eastern Languages and comparative linguistics. The objective of this course is the position of Persian within Iranic dialectology and the larger context of symbolic and adjacent language groups.

541(Iranian 541). Classical Persian Texts. AAPTIS 242. Taught in English. (3). (Excl). May be repeated for credit with permission of instructor.
Selected passages from the major prose writers e.g. Bal'ami, Bayhaqi, Nizam al-Mulk, Nizami-yi Arudi and poets e.g., Rudaki, Firdousi, Nizami, Sa'di, Hafiz of the Classical period.

544(Iranian 551). Modern Persian Fiction. AAPTIS 242. (3). (Excl).
Readings from selected works of modern Persian prose and poetry. Close reading and literary analysis.

551(Turkish 511). Readings in Ottoman Turkish. AAPTIS 252 and 452. (2). (Excl).
Selections from Ottoman writings in Arabic characters.

552(Turkish 512). Readings in Tanzimat Turkish. AAPTIS 252 and 452. (2). (Excl).
Selections from Tanzimat writings in Arabic characters.

553(Turkish 501). Modern Turkish Readings. AAPTIS 252. (2). (Excl).
The emphasis is on developing comprehension. Selected passages from books and articles of a general character are studied.

556(Turkish 551). Modern Turkish Prose Literature. AAPTIS 252. (2). (Excl).
Selected readings from the novels, short stories, and essays of writers in the twentieth century.

557(Turkish 552). Modern Turkish Poetry. AAPTIS 252. (2). (Excl).
Selected readings from representative poets of the twentieth century.

561(Arabic 551). Modern Arabic Fiction, I. AAPTIS 202 or 403. Taught in English. (2). (Excl).
Selected readings from short stories and novels representative of contemporary Arabic fiction.

562(Arabic 552). Modern Arabic Fiction, II. AAPTIS 561. Taught in English. (2). (Excl).
Selected readings from short stories and novels representative of contemporary Arabic fiction.

563(Arabic 553). Modern Arabic Nonfictional Prose. AAPTIS 202 or 403. Taught in English. (2). (Excl).
Selected passages from books and articles dealing with politics, sociology, economics, anthropology, geography, etc., according to the interests of the class.

564(Arabic 554). Modern Arabic Non-fiction I. AAPTIS 202 or 403. Taught in English. (2). (Excl).
Selected passages from books and articles dealing with politics, sociology, economics, anthropology, geography, etc., according to the interests of the class.

567(Arabic 543). Readings in Classical Islamic Texts. AAPTIS 202 or 403. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
Selected theological, philosophical, historical, and geographical texts.

568(Arabic 546). Ancient Arabic Poetry. AAPTIS 403. (3). (Excl).
Selected mu'allaqat, and other poems by ash-Shanfara, Ka'b b. Zuhayr, 'Umar b. Abi Rabi'ah, Jarir, and al-Farazdaq.

581(Arabic 521). Medieval Arabic, I. AAPTIS 202 or 403. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
Designed to introduce students as rapidly as possible to the reading of medieval Arabic.

582(Arabic 522). Medieval Arabic, II. AAPTIS 202 or 403. Taught in English. (3). (Excl).
Designed to introduce students as rapidly as possible to the reading of medieval Arabic.

583. Medieval Arabic Historical and Geographical Texts. AAPTIS 404. (3). (Excl). May be repeated for a total of 9 credits.
Reading and intensive study of selected texts, in Arabic, from the Islamic Middle Ages. Major writers from both the historical and the geographical traditions are chosen.

584. Persianate History Through Political and Cultural Texts. Advanced reading knowledge of Persian. (3). (Excl). May be repeated for a total of 9 credits.
A textual study of Medieval and Early Modern political and cultural history through a variety of genres (chronicles, Bios of poets, hagiographies, "mirrors of princes", local histories, religious poetry, disputations and epics) shared by Persianate cultural spheres from Anatolia through the Iranian plateau into Central Asia and India. Primary Texts are all in Persian

586(Persian 523). Avestan. (3). (Excl).
This course is an introduction to the grammar of Avestan, the ancient language of the Zoroastrian religion. Like its sister language Vedic and Sanskrit it represents one of the oldest manifestations of Indo-European, dating back to the 15th century BCE, and its texts offer insights into one of the earliest world views, in particular of the prophet Zarathustra, which deeply influenced the Near Eastern and Western religions, and the Classic Greeks.

587/Hist. 531. Studies in Pahlavi and Middle Persian. (3). (Excl).
Introduction to the Middle Persian language, and its three major variants and alphabets, the Pahlavi of the Zoroastrian Books, the Middle Persian of the Manichaean writings from Chinese Turkestan, and the Middle Persian of the Sasanians inscriptions.

590. Arabic and Near Eastern Linguistics. (3). (Excl).
A basic course in linguistic theory for students with Near Eastern language interest who have at least some background in Arabic.

591. Topics in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Islamic Studies. (3). (Excl).
Course for upper level undergraduates and graduate students taught by temporary faculty or as a testing course for permanent faculty.

592. Seminar in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Islamic Studies. (3). (Excl).
Course for upper level undergraduates and graduate students taught by temporary faculty or as a testing course for permanent faculty.

593. Mini Course - Topics in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Islamic Studies. (1). (Excl).
Course for upper level undergraduates and graduate students to be taught by temporary faculty or as an experimental course for permanent faculty.