| Genitive
Case
by
E. Małachowska-Pasek
Below are examples of how and when the genitive case is used in a sentence.
1. Possession:
- To
jest książka Piotra. (This
is Peter’s book.)
2.
Direct object after a negated verb:
- Piotr
nie ma książki. (Peter does
not have a book.)
3.
After words naming quantity or measure, such as: dużo
(a lot), mało (a little),
trochę (a little), kilogram
(kilogram), litr (
liter ), butelka (bottle),
kawałek (piece), kostka (a
stick [cube]), paczka (pack),
pudełko (box), puszka (can),
słoik ( jar).
- Puszka
groszku. (A can of peas.)
- Kostka
masła. (A stick [cube] of
butter.)
4.
After the following prepositions: do (to),
od (from), z (from),
u (at), dla (for)
- Piotr
jedzie do Krakowa. (Peter
is going [by vehicle] to Kraków.)
- Piotr
wraca z Warszawy. (Peter is
returning from Warsaw.)
- Piotr
mieszka koło/obok parku. (Peter
lives near/next to the park.)
- Tomek
mieszka u brata. (Tomek lives
at his brother’s [house].)
- To
jest prezent dla Ewy. (This
is a present for Ewa.)
5.
Cardinal numbers from 5-21, 25-31, 35-41, 45-51, etc...
are followed by the genitive plural:
- Zyzio
ma sześć lat . (Zyzio is 6
years old.)
- Tomasz
ma piętnaście samochodów. (Tomasz
has 15 cars.)
6.
After certain verbs such as: potrzebować
(to need), słuchać (to listen
to ), szukać (to look for),
uczyć (to teach), uczyć
się (to study, learn), używać
(to use).
- Słucham
muzyki. (I am listening to
music.)
- Tomek
potrzebuje pomocy. (Tomek
needs help.)
- Kasia
szuka siostry. (Kasia is looking
for [her] sister.)
- Oni
uczą się matematyki. (They
are learning/studying mathematics.)
Forming the genitive case of nouns
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