Hardened Consonants (HdC):

This term refers to consonants that once were pronounced as soft consonants but in contemporary Polish are pronounced as hard consonants. Even though these consonants are pronounced hard today, they occur in the place of soft consonants in the declension of words. The hardened consonants are as follows: c cz dz dż sz rz ż.  See also: Soft Consonants, Hard Consonants.

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