States violate human rights and commit mass atrocities during wars, interventions, and revolutions. These transgressions create two difficult dynamics for a transitioning society. First, these violations leave populations struggling to coexist with both their former assailants and the state that made such violence possible. Second, the memory of these atrocities often compel some actors to demand that the responsible individuals be held accountable for their actions. Reconciling the two is a difficult process that can contribute to, or undermine, efforts to rebuild. Hence, this course analyzes the problems facing societies with past human rights violations, the numerous options they have at their disposal to engage these abuses, and the political, legal, economic, and moral ramifications of each choice.
The course will address three core aspects to pursuing accountability. The first part examines the mechanisms available for pursuing accountability in transitioning societies. Each mechanism - whether domestic trials, international tribunals, hybrid courts, amnesties, truth commissions, or indigenous means - has various effects on the possibility justice and accountability. Significant debate remains among scholars and policymakers on the effectiveness of each for the pursuit of justice and accountability.
The second core aspect of the course explores the tensions between the competing and conflicting demands at local, state, and international levels. Various actors can have opposing ideas on what constitutes the 'appropriate' pursuit of accountability. Whether victims groups, former authoritarian supporters, local/foreign non-governmental organizations, or international institutions, each has their own agenda that can generate controversy, delays, and disappointment for those interested in justice.
The final aspect explores whether and how pursuing accountability can contribute to broader efforts for reconstruction and peacebuilding in transitioning societies.
Intended Audience:
International Studies Majors and Minors in their Junior or Senior year.