This course explores the region of the Middle East known as Israel by some and Palestine by others. It outlines the historical events that occurred in that territory from the earliest days of the past to the present, analyzes the various factors (political, economic, cultural, and religious) that shaped its development, and introduces empires and nations that ruled the land as well as the people who inhabited its cities and villages. The course will pay careful attention to matters related to issues of Race and Ethnicity; the volatile story of this land will here serve as a laboratory for examining the interrelation between race, ethnicity, and religion across three millennia.